GCSE Physics  ›  P.3.3 Particle model and pressure

Particle model and pressure

Free AQA GCSE Physics practice questions on Particle model and pressure. Sample questions below with detailed mark schemes — sign up to practise the full set with spaced repetition.

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Suggest — 2 marks

A student investigates how pressure changes when a gas is compressed. They use a syringe filled with air at atmospheric pressure and push the plunger down, reducing the volume of gas inside without allowing any gas to escape.

  1. Suggest why the pressure of the gas increases when the plunger is pushed down. [1 mark]
  2. Suggest how the rate of collisions between gas particles and the syringe walls changes as the volume decreases. [1 mark]
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State — 5 marks

A student is investigating how gases behave in containers. They have a sealed syringe containing air at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. When they push the plunger in, they notice the air becomes harder to compress and the syringe feels warmer.

  1. State what happens to the particles in the air when the plunger is pushed in. [2 marks]
  2. State how the pressure of the gas changes when the volume is reduced, and explain why in terms of particles. [2 marks]
  3. State one reason why the syringe feels warmer when the plunger is pushed in quickly. [1 mark]
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Define — 2 marks

A deep-sea research vessel is studying ocean floor geology at a depth of 3000 metres. The submarine hull must withstand enormous pressure from the surrounding water. Engineers need to understand how pressure changes with depth to ensure the vessel remains safe.

  1. Define pressure in terms of the particle model. [1 mark]
  2. Explain, using the particle model, why pressure increases as the submarine descends deeper into the ocean. [1 mark]
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Describe — 4 marks

A student is inflating a bicycle tyre using a hand pump. As they push the pump handle down, the air inside the pump becomes compressed before being forced into the tyre.

  1. Describe how the particle model explains pressure in a gas. [2 marks]
  2. Describe what happens to the pressure of the air inside the pump as the pump handle is pushed down. [1 mark]
  3. Describe how increasing the temperature of a gas in a sealed container would affect the pressure, using the particle model. [1 mark]
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